Different tapping methods are used depending on the material, hole type and precision needed. Below are ten common types of industrial tapping and their uses.
1. Taper or Starter Taps
Taper taps have a gradual cutting edge with about 8-10 tapered threads at the tip, which start the threading process smoothly – ideal for cutting new threads in blind holes.
2. Plug Taps
Plug taps have fewer tapered threads than taper taps, so they can cut deeper into a hole.
3. Bottoming Taps
Bottoming taps have almost no taper, with only 1-2 tapered threads. They are used to create full threads at the bottom of a blind hole, where other taps cannot reach.
4. Hand Tapping
Hand tapping is a manual method where workers use a tap wrench to cut threads. This method is common for low-volume work, repairs, or materials that require careful threading.
5. CNC Tapping
Computer Numerical Control tapping automates the threading process using programmed machines. This technique is very precise and consistent.
6. Machine Tapping
Machine tapping uses drilling machines, lathes or mills to cut threads with high accuracy. Examples of this are the Roscamat electric tapping machines seen at https://www.cotswold-machinery-sales.co.uk/roscamat-tapping-machines/electRic-tapping-machines/roscamat-tiger-electric-tapping-machine/. They reduce the labour effort and make faster, more uniform threading than manual tapping.
7. Through Hole Tapping
This type of tapping is used for holes that go completely through the material. Since there is no bottom, chips can exit the hole easily, making it more efficient than blind hole tapping.
8. Rigid Tapping
Rigid tapping relies on precise machine control to match the tap’s speed with spindle rotation. This type eliminates the need for special holders, ensuring highly accurate threads in CNC machining.
9. Floating Tapping
Floating tapping allows for slight movement of the tap to accommodate variations in hole positioning. This method helps reduce stress on the tool and is useful for softer materials.
10. Peck Tapping
Peck tapping involves repeatedly moving the tap in and out of the hole to break and clear chips. This technique is helpful when threading materials that produce long, stringy chips.